摘要
从森林涵养水源的角度,对大兴安岭落叶松天然林5种主要林分类型水源涵养功能进行了研究,结果表明:土壤总孔隙度在55.58%～77.45%之间,非毛管孔隙度在9.86%～16.57%之间,毛管孔隙度在41.93%～63.20%之间。土壤容重从大到小的顺序为:白桦+落叶松林>樟子松+落叶松林>落叶松纯林>杜香+落叶松林>杜鹃+落叶松林。0-20 cm土层饱和蓄水量杜鹃+落叶松林最大,为1 548.91 t/hm2;白桦+落叶松林最小,为1 140.82 t/hm2。枯落物层持水量从大到小的顺序为:杜鹃+落叶松林(1 064.97 t/hm2)>落叶松纯林(955.92/hm2)>樟子松+落叶松林(910.40 t/hm2)>杜香+落叶松林(723.95 t/hm2)>白桦+落叶松林(672.48 t/hm2)。水源涵养能力依次为:杜鹃+落叶松林(1 815.12 t/hm2)>落叶松纯林(1 640.00 t/hm2)>樟子松+落叶松林(1 557.01 t/hm2)>杜香+落叶松林(1 468.54 t/hm2)>白桦+落叶松林(1 308.94 t/hm2)。
With the concerns of water conservation by forest,five major forest types of larch forests in Da Hinggan Mountains were selected to test their water-holding capacity.The results show as the follows：soil total porosity ranged from 55.58% to 77.45%;noncapillary porosity ranged from 9.86% to 16.57%;capillary porosity ranged from 41.93 % to 63.20%.The soil bulk density ranked from high to low was Betula platyphylla-Larix gmeliniPinus sylvestris var.mongolica-Larix gmeliniLarix gmeliniLedum palustre var.decunbens-Larix gmeliniRhododendron simsii-Larix gmelini.The saturation holding capacity of Rhododendron simsii-Larix gmelini was 1 548.91 t/hm2,1 140.82 t/hm2 in Betula platyphylla-Larix gmelini.The water-holding capaciey of litter was Rhododendron simsii-Larix gmelini（1 064.97 t/hm2）〉Larix gmelini（955.92 t/hm2）〉Pinus sylvestris var.mongolica-Larix gmelini（910.40 t/hm2）〉Ledum palustre var.decunbens-Larix gmelini（723.95 t/hm2）〉Betula platyphylla-Larix gmelini（672.48 t/hm2）〉.The order of the water conservation function was：Rhododendron simsii-Larix gmelini（1 815.12 t/hm2）〉Larix gmelini（1 640.00 t/hm2）〉Pinus sylvestris var.mongolica-Larix gmelini（1 557.01 t/hm2）〉Ledum palustre var.decunbens-Larix gmelini（1 468.54 t/hm2）〉Betula platyphylla-Larix gmelini（1 308.94 t/hm2）.
出处
《水土保持研究》
CSCD
北大核心
2011年第4期92-96,共5页
Research of Soil and Water Conservation
基金
林业公益性项目(201104005-05)
