基于“3414”模型研究宁夏盐池县玉米氮磷钾施肥效应

Study on the Effects of Nitrogen,Phosphorus and Potassium on Corn Based on ‘3414’ Model in Yanchi County

2008年在盐池县具有代表性的土壤类型上进行了玉米"3414"试验,结果表明:地力贡献率为54.84%,说明土壤属于中等肥力。N、P、K对玉米产量影响大小顺序为N>P>K,增产效果居首位的为氮肥,施用纯N 240 kg/hm2的增产效应达到2 751.45 kg/hm2;P肥的增产幅度次之,施用纯P 120 kg/hm2的增产效应达到1 023.45 kg/hm;施用纯K 75kg/hm2的增产效应为236.7 kg/hm2。在不同肥料的交互作用中,N×P的交互作用对产量影响最大,N×P>N×K>P×K。施氮(N)量为360 kg/hm2,施磷量(P)为107.81 kg/hm2,施钾量(K)为4.30 kg/hm2时,玉米产量最高为7 652.23 kg/hm2。玉米产量与N、P、K肥料效应回归模型为三元二次多项式回归模型,经显著性检验达到极显著水平,可以为玉米生产施肥提供借鉴。

In this study,a ‘3414’ experiment of corn has been arranged on a representative soil type in Yanchi County.The results showed that the soil was middle fertility and the contribution of land capability reached 54.84%.The effect of NPK on corn yield was N〉P〉K.Nitrogen had the most significant effect on yield,and the yield increasing effect of pure nitrogen（240 kg/hm2） reached 2 751.45 kg/hm2;the yield increasing effect of pure phosphorus（120 kg/hm2） reached 1 023.45 kg/hm2;and the yield increasing effect of pure potassium（75 kg/hm2） reached 236.7 kg/hm2.The most influential effect on corn yield was the interaction of N and P in the interaction among different fertilizers,and the order of significance of interaction effects was N×P〉N×K〉P×K.When the corn yield reached 7 652.23 kg/hm2,it needed pure N（360 kg/hm2）,pure P（107.81 kg/hm2） and pure K（4.30 kg/hm2）.Fertilization effect model of corn was a three variables power two polynomial regression model,which reached an extremely significant level and could provide suggestions for corn production.