胡仁乌力格尔曲调题材分类法研究兼谈音乐形态——以《郭尔罗斯乌力格尔与曲调》为例

On Taxonomy of the Subject Matter of Huurin-ulger Melodies and Music Patterns——Taking Guo Melrose Ulger and Melodies as an Example

长期以来,胡仁乌力格尔曲调分类被音乐角度的唱腔分类法所独居,这种分类法虽为学术界所公认,但曲调的流变性以及胡尔奇的即兴特点使得这种分类暴露出缺陷。而剧本文学的相对稳定性,使得题材分类法研究变得具有可行性。这种分类法清晰易懂、便于普及、逻辑严密、易于归纳。以题材为视角,通过百余首乌力格尔曲调脚本的分析,可以将其归纳为结构类、政治类、落难类、战事类、颂赞类、思念类、亲情类、神话类八种曲调。题材分类法是乌力格尔曲调的新分类法。这种分类法的研究意义在于缕清胡仁乌力格尔艺术本体的脉络,明晰其艺术结构,以便易于了解和掌握这门艺术。

For a long time,the taxonomy of the Huurin-ulger melodies has been totally depended on the taxonomy of singing,which,though it is a kind of taxonomy generally accepted in the academic circles,can expose its defects because of the flexibility of the melodies and improvised characteristics of the Huurki.In comparison,the stability of the dramas makes it feasible to do some research in the taxonomy of the subject matter.This taxonomy is quite clear and easy to understand,easy to popularize,rigorously logical and easy to summarize.After analyzing over 100 Ulger scripts of melodies from the perspective of subject matter,we can classify them into the following eight kinds of melodies： structural,political,distressed,martial,complimentary,missing,family love and mythological melodies.The taxonomy of subject matter is a new one concerning the Ulger melodies,and its significance lies in sorting out the thread of the ontology of the art Huurin-ulger,making clear its artistic structure,so that we can understand and master this kind of art more easily.