辽宁省沈阳市某高校学生艾滋病相关知识态度行为状况调查

Investigation and evaluation on AIDS knowledge,attitude and practice of students in a university of Shenyang City,Liaoning Province

目的了解辽宁省沈阳市大学生对艾滋病相关知识、态度及行为现状,为今后开展艾滋病健康教育的模式和方向提供科学依据。方法采用整群抽样方法,对1050名在校大学生进行艾滋病相关知识、态度、行为等进行问卷调查。结果大学生对艾滋病3种传播途径掌握较好,对经性传播知晓率为91.98%,经血液传播知晓率为92.77%,经母婴传播知晓率为80.79%。对日常生活接触等非传播途径认知模糊。艾滋病知识平均得分为12.59±2.79分(满分20分)。年级和母亲受教育程度不同的学生艾滋病知识得分的差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。大学生对艾滋病及H IV感染者所持态度平均得分为33.01±3.90分(满分50分)。年级、学院、来源、父亲受教育程度不同的学生对艾滋病所持态度的差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。学生获取艾滋病知识的主要途径是电视广播、杂志和互联网,利用讲座途径的最少。结论大学生对艾滋病知识掌握不全面,对艾滋病和H IV感染者存在恐惧和歧视心理,需要通过开展课外教育等宣教方式,对来自于农村和低年级的学生进行重点宣教。

Objective To understand the knowledge, attitude and practice about AIDS among college students in Shenyang, Liaoning, and discuss the mode and direction of AIDS health education. Methods Cluster sampling method was adopted to recruit 1050 students who finished a questionnaire survey regarding the knowledge, attitude, and practice about AIDS data were analyzed using SPSS 13.0 software package. Results College students knew well the three main transmission routes of AIDS. The awareness rate of sexual transmission was 91.98% ; the awareness rate of blood transmis- sion was 92. 77% ; the awareness rate of mother to mother-to-child transmission was 80. 79%. But they had limited knowledge on non-transmission routes such as daily life, etiquette contact and the like. The average score of AIDS knowledge was 12. 59 ±2. 79 （total score was 20）. The AIDS knowledge was associated with grade and mothers＇ education level （ P 〈 0.05 ）. The average score of attitude was 33.01 ± 3.90 （ total score was 50）. The significant difference in attitude score existed among students at different grades, at different schools, from different family residences, and with different education degree of their fathers （P 〈 0. 05）. The major ways to get AIDS knowledge were TV/radio, magazines, and the Internet, while lecture was the least used one. Conclusion College students did not have adequate AIDS knowledge and have worries and discrimination towards AIDS and HIV-infected patients. There is a need to incorporate face-to-face education into curriculum, especially for those at lower grades and from rural areas.