城市道路交通流检测数据精度评价

Experimental based traffic flow detectors data accuracy evaluation

目前各种检测方法采集到的路段速度数据普遍存在一定的误差,其准确性直接影响各种交通分析模型结果的精度.针对浮动车检测器、微波检测器以及线圈检测器的路段速度数据进行研究,利用GPS(Global Positioning System)设备实时记录试验车位置,分别在快速路和主干路进行了12次实验,对不同采集方式获取的速度信息进行了精度验证和评价.实验结果分析表明,浮动车数据获取的城市快速路和主干路的路段行程速度平均误差分别为13.6%和27.8%,且采集值与实际速度具有相同的分布.快速路微波检测器和主干路线圈检测器的速度数据与真实行程速度数据的误差分别为30%和56%.表明了微波检测器的断面速度值,用来表征所处路段的行程速度时虽然具有一定的误差,但是基本能表征路段的行驶状况.该研究结论为不同精度需求的交通模型选择合适的数据源提供支持,并为利用多源数据的冗余信息提高数据精度和完备性提供了理论依据.

Considerable errors exist in the road speed data obtained from various detectors and directly influence the accuracy. Various traffic models were established for estimation. 12 groups of field experiments on different classes＇ roads by using a test vehicle with global positioning system （GPS） modules were implemented. Through combining automatically recording and manually recording, the accuracy discrepancy of travel speed data collected by floating car system, microwave detectors, and loop detectors was attempted to verify. The results analysis shows that the average error rate of travel speed of floating cars at road section on urban expressways and arteries are 13.6% and 27.8% , and the acquisition data and the actual speed have the same distribution. Microwave detector on expressways and loop detectors on arteries are 30% and 56%. Even though the section velocities of the microwave detector have some errors, which could more or less describe the basic driving conditions. Thus, results provide some evidences for selecting appropriate traffic model decided by accuracy. Moreover, it provides evidences for the application of different dimensions information in multi - source data fusion for higher accuracy.