南充市郊鼠类季节动态调查

Investigation on seasonal dynamics of rat in the suburb of Nanchong

目的了解南充郊区农业生态系统中鼠类组成和相对密度季节动态,为疾病预防和农业生产提供科学依据。方法 2005年3月~2006年2月在该区选择有代表性的调查区,采用鼠夹每月中旬布放300~800夹,获取鼠类种类及相对密度的资料。结果共捕获鼠型小兽7种1 499只,野外微尾鼩为优势种、黑线姬鼠为常见种,住宅区内群落褐家鼠、黄胸鼠为优势种。该地全年总捕获率为17.50%。住宅区内（夹）捕获率为8.42%,野外捕获率为18.84%。野外鼠密度呈单峰型,月最高捕获率为29.82%（11月）,月最低捕获率为4.10%（2月）。结论野外鼠密度受优势种微尾鼩影响季节波动明显,黑线姬鼠密度和所占比例在秋冬季出现高峰,住宅区褐家鼠周年活动猖獗。

Objective To investigate the seasonal dynamics of relative density and community composition in an agricultural ecosystem in the suburb of Nanchong.Method From March of 2005 to February of 2006,put 300 to 800 rodent traps at the middle of every month to obtain small mammal composition and density.Results A total of 1 499 small mammals of 7 species were captured.Anurosorex squamipes was the dominant species and Apodemus agrarius was the common species in field.Rattus norvegicus and Rattus flavipectus were the dominant species in residential districts.The total captured rate was 17.50 %,in residential districts the captured rate was 8.42 %,and 18.84% in the filed.The density of the rat in the field showed single peak,the maxlmum captured rate was 29.82%（in November）,and the minimum was 4.10%（in February）.Conclusions The density of field was affected by the dominate rat and seasonal dynamics obviously,Apodemus agrarius density was highest in autumn and winter,but Rattus norvegicus in the residential districts activity in the whole year.