黄孢原毛平革菌对玉米秸秆木质素的降解研究

Study on Degradation of Corn Straw Lignin by Phanerochaete chrysosporium

农作物秸秆还田是目前合理利用秸秆资源的有效方法之一,但不经预处理直接还田存在着许多不足之处.笔者通过分析玉米秸秆在黄孢原毛平革菌处理条件下木质素的降解情况,筛选出黄孢原毛平革菌对玉米秸秆木质素降解的最佳粒度与时间,为今后经济高效的还田产业提供理论基础.研究结果表明,黄孢原毛平革菌对大粒度的玉米秸秆（4-5和1-3 cm）较小粒度（0.5 cm）的降解效果好.在动态降解过程中,玉米秸秆的降解速率出现了两个高峰期,但不同粒度高峰期出现的时间略有不同.3种粒度的玉米秸秆分别在接菌35,40和35 d后累计降解率达到最大,其值分别为21.6%,35.6%和45.2%.综合比较,粒度为4-5 cm的玉米秸秆接种黄孢原毛平革菌35 d后,玉米秸秆达到最佳降解效果.

Crop straw returning is one of the effective methods to re-use straw resources reasonably at present.However,direct returning crop straw to the field without pretreatment has many defects.Solid culture of Phanerochaete chrysosporium by using corn straw as the medium was studied in this experiment.It focused on screening the best pretreatment conditions for lignin degradation,in an attempt to provide theoretical support for effective and economical straw returning in practice.The results showed that P.chrysosporium inoculation had better effect on the degradation of corn straw in large granularity（4-5 cm and 1-3 cm） than that in small granularity（0.5 cm）.In the dynamic degradation process,the degradation rate of corn straw showed two peaks,whose occurrence time differed with different granularity.The cumulative degradation rate of the three different granularities reached the maximum about 35,40 and 35 days after P.chrysosporium inoculation,being 21.6%,35.6% and 45.2%,respectively.Of the treatments in this study,subculturing P.chrysosporium for 35 days on the corn straw with a particle size of 4-5 cm gave the optimum degradation result.