4-(2,4,6-三硝基苯胺基)苯甲酸(TABA)及铅、铜盐合成与表征

Synthesis and Characterization of 4-(2,4,6-trinitroanilino) Benzoic Acid and Its Lead and Copper Salts

以2,4,6-三硝基氯苯(苦基氯)及对氨基苯甲酸为原料,在50%乙醇水溶液中经过缩合反应脱去氯化氢得到中间体4-(2,4,6-三硝基苯氨基)苯甲酸(TABA),收率94.0%,产品纯度98.9%,利用红外、核磁及元素分析等鉴定产物的结构;探讨了缩合反应机理及影响反应的主要因素,确定了适宜的合成条件为反应温度70℃,反应时间5 h,最佳物料摩尔比为n(2,4,6-三硝基氯苯)∶n(与对氨基苯甲酸)=1∶1。制备出TABA的铅盐及铜盐,其摩擦感度分别为100%与72%(表压3.92 MPa,摆角90°),特性落高H50分别为15.5,28.2 cm;DSC分析测试了TABA铅、铜盐的热稳定性,其分别在270.82,282.25℃放热分解,二次放热分解峰温度为322.98,331.91℃。

In 50% ethanol aqueous solution, 4-（2,4,6-trinitroanilino） benzoic acid （TABA） was synthesized by condensation reaction from 2,4,6-trinitrophenyl chloride （picryl chloride） andp-aminobenzoic acid with a yield of 94.0% and purity of98.9%. The conditions of condensation reaction were optimized, and the optimal reactive conditions were as follows：n（picryl chloride）∶n（p-amino benzoic acid）is 1∶1, and the reactive time is 5 h at 70 ℃. Lead and copper salts were prepared by the reaction of TABA with acetate. The structure of TABA and its salts were characterized by IR, NMR and elemental analysis. The friction sensitivities were 100% and 72%,H50were 15.2 cm and 28.2 cm for lead salt and copper salt respectively. Differential thermal analysis shows the thermal stabilities of TABA and its salts as： TABA, 344.99 ℃, lead salt, 270.82 ℃, 322.98 ℃,copper salt, 282.25℃, 331.91℃. In addition, lead and copper salts of TABA are well compatible with these contact materials.