西周《大武》乐章演变新考

A New Verification of the Music Poem Dawu of the Western Zhou Dynasty

西周《大武》乐章曾经过周武王、周成王、周康王三代的演变和逐步增益。《大武》所奏六诗均保存于今《诗经.周颂》中。《武》即武王时之《大武》;成王时把武王克商后所作四首颂诗全部配用于《大武》;康王时"定乐歌"又增益成王时所作二诗入《大武》,《左传》、《礼记》等所言六成《大武》即定型于康王时。《大武》乐章的发展演变,既符合古乐发展演变的实情,亦符合古人用诗的规律。本文在前人研究的基础上,重新解读古籍中关于《大武》的表述,以新的视角考论《大武》在西周初的发展演变过程。

Dawu, as a group of poems, witnessed three kings in the Zhou Dynasty and now is kept in The Book of Songs. In the period of King Cheng, Dawu had four poems and six poems in the period of King Kang. The evolution of Dawu goes with the development of Chinese music and poetry. On the basis of the former researches, this paper re - interprets comments on Dawu recorded in ancient books, and verifies the process of its evolution in the early period of the Western Zhou dynasty.