现代性德性危机中的沉思与探索:西方德性伦理的复兴

Thought and Exploration in Modern Virtue Crisis:The Revival of Western Virtue Ethics

20世纪五六十年代之后,西方德性伦理出现了复兴。从社会历史条件来看,自近代启蒙运动以来,随着现代性的道德问题所产生的德性危机与日俱增,德性越来越边缘化,从而为德性伦理的复兴提供了实践上的可能背景。从伦理理论背景来看,功利论和道义论无法解决人们内在的心灵无序状态,人们开始不满于近代以来所盛行的功利主义和康德主义。因此,德性伦理以其相对于规范伦理的优势而在西方迅速发展起来。

The western virtue ethics has begun a revival since 1950's or 1960's.In the view of socio-historical conditions,there has been a growing virtue crisis with the problems of modern morality since the Enlightenment.As a result,it is making a possible background for the revival of virtue ethics in practice.Theoretically,both utilitarianism and deontology cannot resolve the inner state of mental disorder and there are increasing number of people dissatisfied with the situation.Therefore,virtue ethics develops quickly by its merits in contrast to rule ethics.