流体包裹体在矿床学研究中的应用

The Application of Fluid Inclusion in the Study of Mineral Deposit

流体在热液矿床的形成过程中扮演着至关重要的角色,而流体包裹体由于其在矿物晶体中出现的广泛性以及在后期地质作用过程中的稳定性,成为研究原始成矿流体最理想的代表。对其进行温压和成分测定,同位素示踪及定年等研究能够很好地解决矿床学中的许多重要问题。简要介绍了流体包裹体在矿床学研究中确定成矿温压条件、推断成矿和剥蚀深度、分析成矿流体成分、反映成矿体系环境(pH和Eh)、判别成矿物质来源、厘定成矿时代及划分矿床类型这七个的方面基本原理,并举例进行说明。

Fluid plays a vital role in the ore-forming process of hydrothermal deposit.Because of its nicer universality and stability,fluid inclusion is the best representative of primitive ore-forming fluid.According to the temperature,pressure and composition analyzing, isotope tracing, and age dating of fluid composition,many important problems of mineral deposit can be resolved well.We introduce the main application and basic theory of fluid inclusion in mineral deposit,such as determining the ore-forming temperature and pressure,deducing the ore- forming and denuation depth,analyzing the composition of the ore-forming fluid,reflecting the ore-forming environment （pH and Eh）,distinguishing the origin of ore-forming materials,ascertaining the ore-forming age, dividing the deposit type.