滦河口入海沙量锐减对湿地生态环境影响

Impacts of Significant Reduction of Sediment Flux into the Sea in Luanhe River Estuary on Wetland Ecological Environment

滦河上游兴建大量蓄水工程,加之流域内工农业用水量大幅度增加,使得滦河口入海水量和沙量大幅减少,从而对海口湿地生态环境造成一定的负面影响。通过对滦河口1947年-2009年入海沙量分析,入海沙量2000年-2009年时段比1950年-1959年时段内减少将近483.6倍,其结果导致滦河河口营养物质减少,河口淤积面积减少,河口湿地萎缩,河口生物多样性受到影响。通过滦河入海沙量的探讨和分析,为相关部门在现状条件下保护和恢复滦河口湿地生态环境和生物多样性提供技术依据。

Because of the construction of large water storage projects in the upstream Luanhe River and substantially increased water consumption for industry and agriculture, a significant reduction of river water and sediment flux into the sea occurred, which brings some negative impacts on the ecological environment of the sea wetland. Through the analysis of sedirnent into the sea from the Luan River during the period of 1947-2009,it is found that sediment flux into the sea in 2000-2009 has decreased nearly 483.6 times compared to sediment flux in 1950-1959, resulting in some problems in Luanhe River estuary, including nutrients decline, estuary deposition area reduction, estuary wetland shrinkage and impacts on estuarine biodiversity. Through discussing and analyzing the sediment flux into the sea, this paper provides a technical basis for protecting and restoring wetland environment and biodiversity of the Luanhe River estuary.