学校应急管理：特点、机制和策略

On Emergency Management of School:Characteristic,Mechanism and Tactic

学校突发事件作为公共应急管理的一个特殊领域,与其它领域相比有一定的特殊性。以往的应急管理研究对学校的特点重视不够,导致应急管理实践效果不很理想。本文分析了学校突发事件所具有的时段性、情绪性、脆弱性、连带性以及责任先定性等特点,提出了学校突发事件应急管理的基本原则,在此基础上研究了学校应急管理的一般要求,并从校园自然灾害、校园安全事故、学校多发事件三类学校突发事件分别提出了应对的机制和策略。

The emergency management in school has some specific characteristics which compared with emergency in other places.Therefore emergency management in school has some special fundamental principles and mechanisms.But usually in Chinese academes,there few people focus on emergency management in school.However,according to the characteristics of schools such as population highly congregate in some time,social net complex and vulnerable to illness etc,we must put forward different tactics and mechanism to tackle three major emergencies in school,which are natural hazards,technological hazards and school specific hazards.