唾液酸酶和唾液酸糖基转移酶的结构、功能与催化反应研究进展

Progress in Structure,Function and Catalytic Reactions of Sialidase and Sialyltransferase

唾液酸酶和唾液酸糖基转移酶在生物体内许多重要的生理过程中发挥着不可或缺的作用.一般而言,唾液酸酶可以断裂糖缀合物末端与唾液酸残基相连接的糖苷键而水解唾液酸糖缀合物;唾液酸糖基转移酶以CMP-Neu5Ac为底物将唾液酸残基转移至新的糖基受体上.综述了与唾液酸相关的酶的分类、结构与催化反应机理;唾液酸酶和唾液酸糖基转移酶催化反应在有机合成中的应用;以及唾液酸酶的检测方法.对未来与唾液酸相关的酶的研究与应用进行了展望.

Sialidase and sialyltransferase play important roles in various biological and pathological proc- esses. Generally, sialidase has the ability to cleave the glycosidic bond of terminal sialic acid to hydrolyze sialoglycoconjugates, and sialyltransferase can use CMP-Neu5Ac as substrate to transfer sialyl group to a new glycosyl acceptor. In this paper, the family, structure, function, especially the catalytic reactions of sialidase and sialyltransferase are reviewed. The assay of the enzymes is briefly introduced. The future de- veloping prospects of sialidase and sialyltransferase are also discussed.