家庭认知对初产妇母乳喂养行为的影响

Affection of family cognition of breasffeeding on primiparas＇ breast feeding behaviors

目的调查初产妇产后4个月的母乳喂养行为与母乳喂养家庭认知水平，探讨家庭认知对初产妇母乳喂养行为的影响。方法采用问卷调查法，对北京市某二级医院门诊200例初产妇产后4个月进行母乳喂养行为与家庭认知的调查。结果200例初产妇纯母乳喂养率为47．0％；家庭认知处于中等水平，平均得分为（23．13±3．19）分；纯母乳喂养者的母乳喂养家庭认知总分高于混合喂养和人工喂养者（F=8．26，P〈0．01）。结论初产妇4个月时纯母乳喂养率偏低，母乳喂养家庭认知水平高者更容易坚持纯母乳喂养。母乳喂养健康宣教工作不仅要针对产妇，而且要面向其家庭成员，尤其是主要照顾者，以帮助他们形成正确积极的母乳喂养认知，进而促进初产妇的母乳喂养行为。

Objective To describe family cognition of breasffeeding and primiparas＇ breastfeeding behaviors 4 months postpartum and to explore the relationship between family cognition and new mothers＇ breastfeeding behaviors. Methods A croas-sectional questionnaire survey was conducted to 200 primiparas at outpatient clinic in Beijing in terms of their breastfeeding behaviors and family cognition of breasffeeding. Results The rate of entire breasffeeding was 47.0% ;and the score of family cognition was （23.13±3.19）, which was at a moderate level. The total score of family cognition of primiparas who gave entire breastfeeding was significantly higher than those gave mixed or artificial feeding （ F = 8. 26, df = 2, P 〈 0. 01 ）. Conclusions The breasffeeding rate in primiparas was relatively low,primiparas who insists on giving entire breasffeeding have high level of family cognition. To help people form correct and active family cognition of breasffeeding and improve breasffeeding behavior in primiparas, health education should be launched toward not only primiparas but also their family numbers, especially the main caregiver.