叶片弯掠对风力机气动性能的影响

The Influence of the Swept and Leaned Blade to the Aerodynamic Performance of Horizontal Axis Wind Turbine

叶片形状的变化对叶片的气动性能有着显著的影响,采用合理的叶片形状可以有效地提高叶片的气动性能。本文采用带自由尾迹的升力面法,研究了风力机叶片的弯掠对风力机整体气动性能的影响。预测结果显示采用前后掠的叶片在一定程度上改变风力机的风能利用系数。使用后掠叶片使叶片在中后段部分所受升力小于前掠叶片上对应升力,而在叶片前端所受升力大于前掠叶片上对应升力,同时使用后掠叶片将在一定程度上增加风力机风能利用系数,而使用前掠叶片则减少风力机风能利用系数。采用上弯或下弯形式的叶片同样也会在一定程度上提高风力机的风能利用系数。

There is an area of interest of improving the aerodynamic performance of horizontal axis wind turbine （HAWT） by choosing the optimal shape of the blade, as the shape of the blade has great influence to the aerodynamic performance of the HAWT. A lifting surface method with free wake model is used to study the impact of swept and leaned blade to the aerodynamic behavior of HAWT in the present work. Results indicate that the aerodynamic performances are in general changed with the sweep of the blade. The backward sweep of the blade has smaller lift at the inner part of blade and higher lift at the outer part of the blade than the forward sweep of the blade and the using of backward swept blade can improve the power coefficient of the HAWT. Meanwhile the HAWTs＇ aerodynamic performance can be improved by chosen proper shape of leaned blade.