诱导性多潜能干细胞技术进展

Technical advances of induced pluripotent stem cells

诱导性多潜能干细胞(induced pluripotent stem cells,iPSCs)可以通过在分化的成纤维细胞中导入特定的转录因子获得。IPS细胞与胚胎干细胞(embryonic stem cell,ESCs)在形态,增殖能力,基因表达谱和畸胎瘤形成上没有区别,因此在研究疾病机制,药物筛选和毒理学上有重要的应用价值。一旦解决了安全性和效率问题,iPS细胞将在再生医学上有重要的应用价值。主要从提高转化效率、制备无遗传修饰的iPS细胞和疾病特异性的iPS细胞这3个近来在iPS领域飞速进展的方向做一综述。

IPS cells（induced pluripotent stem cells）can be generated from mouse embryonic fibroblasts by retrovirus-mediated transfection of four transcription factors.IPS cells are indistinguishable from ES cells（embryonic stem cells） in morphology,proliferation,gene expression and teratoma formation.IPS cells are useful for understanding disease mechanisms,drug screening and toxicology.And once the safety and efficiency issues are overcome,iPS cells should also be applicable in regenerative medicine.Here the recent progress in efficiency improving,generation of transgeneic vector-free iPS cells and patient specific iPS cells was briefly reviewed.