性别失衡下的人口健康与公共安全:国际视野与历史经验

Population Health and Public Security under Gender Imbalance:A Review on the International and Historical Perspective

在经济社会转型之际,中国因出生性别比和女婴死亡水平的持续偏高而即将面临严峻的性别结构失衡问题。大规模的男性过剩人口将对人口健康特别是公共健康与安全造成什么样的风险成为政府成功应对挑战的关注点。在目前尚缺乏直接证据的前提下,基于国际的视野和历史经验,从个体人口健康、公共健康与安全两个层次,对不同时期和文化环境下有关性别失衡与健康风险的研究进行系统的综述,识别出男性过剩的人口环境将引发的健康风险的类型和危害程度,在比较分析的基础上,提出应对中国性别失衡背景下健康风险的政策建议,讨论未来该领域的研究方向。

With the economic and social transition,China will face the serious social problem of gender imbalance contributed to the higher SRB（sex ratio at birth） and female baby mortality.What the great amount of surplus men will bring to the public health and security has been the point of focus for government responding to the challenge efficiently.At the situation of lacking directly related studies in China,this paper try to identify the risk types and levels which are caused by gender imbalance,based on reviewing the studies related to gender imbalance and health risks in individual and public health over different countries and times.Then its implication for government policy response to the health risk under gender imbalance context and the directions for further research in this field are discussed.