我国城市居民休闲运动行为模式研究

Behavior Model of Leisure Sports of the Urban Population

运用计划行为理论,通过问卷调查法,探讨我国城市居民从事慢跑、羽毛球、游泳3项休闲运动的行为意图,了解其休闲运动态度、主观规范、知觉行为控制对行为意图的影响效果。结果表明:①不同参与程度的城市居民在知觉行为控制与行为意图上有显著性差异,而不同参与程度的城市居民在态度与主观规范上则无显著性差异,高参与频率组别明显高于低参与频率组别,显示高参与频率者较能掌握自我的能力与从事该项目运动的便利条件,且有较高的行为意图。②城市居民从事不同休闲运动的运动态度、主观规范知觉行为控制与行为意图显著相关,仅游泳和羽毛球获得验证,慢跑并未获得验证。③城市居民从事慢跑与羽毛球运动的行为意图,主要受态度与知觉行为控制所影响,主观规范未获显著性;而城市居民从事游泳运动的行为意图,主要受态度与主观规范所影响,知觉行为控制未达显著性。

Applying the theory of planned behavior,by＇the method of questionnaire investigation, this essay probes into the behavioral intention of the urban population engaged in three leisure sports, i. e. jogging, badminton and swimming,in order to find out the effects on behavioral intention by their leisure sports attitude, subjective norm and perceived behavioral con- trol. The results show that：（l^different level of participation of the urban population are significantly different in the per- ceived behavioral control and behavioral intention, while there was no significant difference in the attitude and subjective norm of different level of urban population. The size of the high participation frequency group is significantly bigger than the size of the low frequency participation group, displaying the ability in controlling themselves and the facility in this e- vent, and the higher behavioral intention. （~）The exercise attitude, subjective norm and perceived behavioral control are nec- essarily bound up with behavioral intention of urban population engaged in various leisure sports, but only swimming and badminton have been verified, and jogging has not been verified. ~）The behavioral intention of urban population engaged in jogging and badminton mainly influenced by the attitude and perceived behavioral control and the subjective norm is not significant. The behavioral intention of urban population engaged in swimming mainly influenced by the attitude and sub- jective norm, and the perceived behavioral control is not significant.