长期系统训练对我国单板U型场地滑雪运动员肺功能的影响

Effects of Long-term Training on the Pulmonary Function of Outstanding Half-pipe Snowboard Athletes

目的:通过对我国单板U型场地滑雪运动员的呼吸机能进行测定,了解单板U型场地滑雪运动员呼吸系统基本状况,为客观评定该运动员肺通气功能积累资料。方法:安静状态下采用实验法对我国单板17名运动员及沈阳体育学院非体专业学生呼吸机能进行测定并对比分析。结果:①女子实验组ERV显著性高于对照组,男女实验组深吸气量显著性高于对照组;②女子实验组FVC/BMI显著性高于对照组;③男子实验组极量运动时VO2max/KG、持续运动时间及O2Pulse显著高于对照组。女子实验组VO2max、持续运动时间及O2Pulse显著高于对照组。结论:①女子单板U型场地滑雪运动员深呼气量、补呼气量高于非体专业学生,单板U型场地滑雪运动员呼气功能优于吸气功能。②单板U型场地滑雪运动员肺通气及小气道通气能力高于非体专业学生,女子单板U型场地滑雪运动员通过有效的训练,提高自己的肺泡通气量。③可将ERV、IC、VO2max/KG、极量运动持续运动时间、O2Plus作为评定单板U型场地滑雪女子运动员等级的肺功能敏感指标。

Aim：By through measuring the respiratory function of 17 outstanding half-pipe snowboard athletes, to understand the basic conditions of their respiratory system and to accumulate material for objective evaluation of the athletes＇ lung ven- tilation. Method：comparing non-sports major students＇ breathing function of Shenyang Sport University, using experiment under the quiet condition. Results：Women athletes＇ ERV are significantly higher than those of the control group;the men and women＇ s deep aspiratory volume is significantly higher than those of the control group ; women athletes＇ FVC/BMI are significant higher than those of control group;when men＇ s group do the maximal exercise, their VO2max/KG, continu- ous exercise time and O2Pulse are noticeably higher than those of control group. Conclusions：half-pipe snowboard female athletes＇ deep inspiratory volume and filling expiratory volume are greater than those of non-sports major students ; ＇ expira- tory function is better than aspiratory function. Half-pipe snowboard athletes＇ lung ventilation and small airway ventilation ability are stronger than those of non- sports major students; women skiers through effective training can improve their alve- olar ventilation. ERV, IC, VO2 max/KG, time of maximal exercise and O2 Plus are taken as sensitive indexes of pulmonary function to evaluate half-pipe snowboard athletes＇ grades.