武汉市中心城区气传真菌与呼吸道变应性疾病的相关性研究

To investigate the relationship of airborne fungi and allergic disease of respiration system in the city of Wuhan region

目的:探讨武汉市中心城区气传真菌的属种及季节性飘散规律与呼吸道变应性疾病的关系。方法:2007-01-2008-12期间采用曝片法进行2年的气传真菌调查,并对同期接诊的1 674例呼吸道变应性疾病患者进行变应原皮肤试验,分析其发病规律。结果:武汉市中心城区空气中全年均有真菌飘散。2007年收集真菌孢子26 734个,其他(菌丝及不知名真菌)686个,合计27 420个;2008年收集真菌孢子26 531个,其他730个,合计27 261个。收集的真菌孢子鉴定种类有17种,优势气传真菌为交链孢菌、黑粉菌、小窦氏菌、锈菌,其中交链孢菌最多。气传真菌飘散的高峰期主要集中在4～6月和9～10月。2007年呼吸道变应性疾病患者真菌皮肤试验阳性率为10.48%,2008年为10.07%;呼吸道真菌变应性疾病发病高峰在4～6月和9～10月,与气传真菌的季节分布情况一致。结论:呼吸道变应性疾病的发生与气传致敏真菌的传播密切相关。

Objective：To investigate the relationship between the prevalent species and the seasonal drift law of airborne fungi and respiratory allergic disease in the city of Wuhan.Method：Airborne fungi was investigated by exposed sides from 2007 to 2008,and 1 674 patients with respiratory allergic disease that were used to do allergens skin test simultaneously,in order to analyze the simultaneous.Result：Airborne fungi could be detected in air all over the year.In 2007,the exposed films collected 26 734 fungi spores,and 686 other fungi（hypha and not well known fungi）,to the sum of 27 420.Otherwise,in 2008,the exposed films collected 26 531 fungi spores,and 730 other fungi,to the sum of 27 261.In the survey,17 types of species of the collected fungi spores were identified,and the predominant species were alternaria sp,ustilaginales,deightoniella sp,uredinales,and the quantity of Fungi alternaria was most of all.And the peak period mainly concentrated from April to June,and from September to October.Otherwise,the positive rate of fungi skin test in patients with respiratory allergic disease was 10.48% in 2007,but 10.07% in 2008.The main period of onset of respiratory allergic disease was from April to June,and from September to October,similar as the seasonal drift law of airborne fungi.Conclusion：The period of onset of respiratory allergic disease was consistent with the seasonal drift law of airborne fungi.