慢性湿疹和慢性荨麻疹患者1145例过敏原检测结果分析

Allergen Analysis of 1 145 Cases of Chronic Urticaria and Chronic Eczema Patients in Donggang District

目的了解沿海地区慢性湿疹和慢性荨麻疹患者的过敏原分布情况,探讨预防过敏性疾病发生的有效措施。方法采用皮肤点刺试验,对沿海地区1145例慢性荨麻疹和慢性湿疹患者进行过敏原检测。结果慢性荨麻疹和慢性湿疹患者的主要致敏原分别为牛奶(54.61%)、鸡蛋(52.34%)和鸡蛋(60.04%)、粉尘螨(58.97%)。东港市本地父母辈和子女辈的过敏原皮肤反应强度指数差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);父母辈为内地居民,而子女辈出生于东港市的二代之间对鱼虾蟹贝等海产品皮肤反应强度指数差异有统计学意义(P<0.001)。复习国内几个代表地区的过敏原检测情况,发现与本研究结果有相同趋势。结论沿海地区慢性荨麻疹和慢性湿疹患者的过敏原中鱼虾等海产品呈低敏感性,提示早期接触过敏原对预防过敏反应发生有重要意义。

Objective To investigate the methods of preventing the occurrence of allergic disease by studying the aller- gen distribution of chronic urticaria and chronic eczema patients from coastland. Methods Skin prick test to 1 145 cases of chronic urticaria and chronic eczema patients from couastland were used. Results The main allergens of chronic urticaria and chronic eczema patients were milk （54.61%）, chicken （52.34%） and eggs （60.04%）, Dermatophagoides farinae （58.97%）, respectively. No difference was identified be- tween the mothers and their children who were all born in Donggang district, however, there was significant difference between the mothers born in hinterland and their children born in Donggang district on classic sea- food allergens （t = 5.0, P = 0.001 ）. Conclusion Seafood allergens on chronic urticaria or chronic eczema in patients from coastland show low sensitivity, and to contact with allergens early was a potentially effective way to prevent allergic disease.