纯钛种植体表面的飞秒激光制备及其短期植入研究

Research on the Surface Preparation of Pure Ti Implant Using Femtosecond Laser and Short-Term Implants

目的:观察飞秒激光处理种植体表面对种植体-骨界面结合强度及种植体早期骨结合的作用。方法:应用飞秒激光处理浸没于羟基磷灰石(HA)过饱和溶液中的纯钛试样表面作为实验组,未处理组为对照组,用扫描电镜和能谱仪分析试样表面形貌及元素组成;将试样植入新西兰大白兔股骨4周后制作组织学切片来观察实验组试样的早期成骨性及骨诱导性。结果:扫描电镜下实验组试样表面的图案化结构由尖峰状和沟槽状结构组成,在尖峰状突起和沟槽之间可见与基体紧密结合的负载物,能谱分析显示负载物的主要成分为Ti、Ca、P、O,对照组试样表面光滑,仅见机械加工的划痕。组织学结果显示,与对照组相比,实验组试样表面类骨质、钙磷盐的沉积更加活跃。结论:飞秒激光能在浸没于过饱和HA溶液中的纯钛试样表面形成多层图案化的拓扑结构,并同时负载Ca/P元素,有利于种植体的早期成骨及初期稳定性。

Objective： To elucidate the effect of femtosecond laser-treatment of implant surface on the bone implant interface bonding strength and initial osseointegration. Methods： Pure titanium specimen submerged in hydroxyapatite （HA） supersaturated liquid surface was processed by femtosecond laser as the test group, and the untreated samples were included in the control group. The surface topography of samples was examined by scanning electron microscope （SEM）, and the element concentration of samples was analyzed through energy spectrometer （EDX）. The samples were implanted in femoral of New Zealand rabbits. After 4 weeks, histological sections were made to observe experimental samples of initial bone regeneration and osteoconduction. Results： It was found that the pictured structure of the sample was composed of peak shape and groove shape under SEM. Remarkably, Ca/P deposition was revealed on the picture-structure surface detected by EDX. The surface was smooth, and only mechanical processing scratched in control group. Histological results showed the formation of osteoid and the deposition of calcium phosphate was more active in the test group than that of control group. Conclusion： The femtosecond lasers can induce topological pattern surface on pure Ti surface in HA suspension and promote Ca/P element to deposit. The sample processed by femtosecond laser was benefit to early osteogenesis and initial stabilization.