基于非任务相关ERP技术的飞行员脑力负荷评价方法

Evaluation Method of Pilot Mental Workload Based on Task-irrelevant ERP Technology

为研究不同飞行脑力负荷水平对被试脑功能的影响,在飞行模拟任务中,要求被试对平视显示器(HUD)仿真模型上所呈现的目标信息状态进行监视,发现异常信息后按指定键进行消除。实验通过设定所需监视的目标信息数量及刷新频率,以控制被试的脑力负荷水平。在进行飞行模拟任务的同时,对被试双耳输入oddball模式下的听觉刺激,要求被试忽略该声音刺激。记录和分析不同脑力负荷下的听觉失匹配负波(MMN)。结果表明,在额中央区,与低脑力负荷相比,高脑力负荷下的MMN平均波幅增强,且与被试对异常信息的正确探测率成正相关。研究表明,听觉MMN对飞行脑力负荷具有较好敏感性,可为复杂飞行任务的脑力负荷评价提供一定的客观依据。

In order to demonstrate the effects of different mental workloads on the brain functions,a flight simulation task was carried out in the experiment and the subjects need to monitor the status of targeting information presented on the simulation model of head-up display（HUD）.When abnormal information was detected,the subjects were required to make a response by pressing corresponding keys.By setting quantities and refresh frequencies of the targeting information,the high and low mental workload levels were manipulated.During the process of flight simulation,auditory stimuli were presented binaurally through headphones with an oddball paradigm and the subjects were instructed to ignore the auditory probes.Mismatch negativity（MMN） was recorded and analyzed.The results revealed that the MMN amplitudes were enhanced under the high mental workload than that under the low one and that the average amplitude of the fronto-central MMN was positively correlated with the accuracy rate of detecting abnormal information.The present study suggests that MMN is sensitive to flight mental workload and can provide effective electrophysiological evidence for flight mental workload assessment in complex tasks.