间充质干细胞对系统性红斑狼疮血栓易发状态的免疫调节和修复机制研究新进展

Immune Regulation and Repair Mechanisms of Mesenchymal Stem Cells on Incident Thrombosis in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus——Review

系统性红斑狼疮(systemic lupus erythematosus,SLE)是一种免疫调节异常和自身抗体过量产生所致的自身免疫性疾病,以T、B细胞功能紊乱和病理性细胞因子及自身抗体过量产生为特征。有害抗体对血管内壁和内皮下胶原的损伤,使机体处于血栓易发状态,加重机体多系统多脏器的损害。间充质干细胞(mesenchymal stemcells,MSC)是一种具有多向分化和自我复制、归巢和炎性趋化、免疫调控及重建等功能的多能干细胞;通过恢复SLE体内T、B细胞的免疫平衡状态,改变细胞因子分泌,产生免疫调节及诱导免疫耐受的作用,进而促进机体免疫重建;减少有害细胞因子和自身抗体的产生,缓解机体的血栓易发状态,阻止血栓形成;且MSC可向多种组织细胞增殖和分化,达到修复损伤组织器官的目的。本文就MSC对SLE血栓易发状态的免疫调节和修复的机制的研究进展进行综述。

Systemic lupus erythematosus （SLE） is an autoimmune disease caused by abnormal immune regulation and excessive production of autoantibodies, which characterized by T and B cell dysfunction and excessive production of pathological cytokines and autoantibodies. Vascular endothelia and subendothelial collagen were injured by harmful antibodies, so that the body was in a thrombophilic state, increasing the multi-system and multi-organ damage of body. Mesenchymal stem cells （MSC） are as multipotent cells, capable of multilineage differentiation, self-renewal, homing, inflammatory chemotaxis, immune regulation and reconstruction. To date, MSC are known to affect not only T cells, but also other ceils of the immune system. MSC can inhibit or promote B cell proliferation, suppress NK cell activation and modulate the cytokine secretion profile of dendritic cells and macrophages. Thus decreasing the secretion of harmful cytokines and autoantibodies, can ease the thrombosis-prone state of the body, reducing the incidence of thrombosis. In addition, MSC are able to differentiate into various types of tissue cells, such as hematopoietic cells, endothelial cells, liver cells, nerve cells, bone cells, cartilage cells etc, therefore, MSC can repair the damaged tissues and organs. In this article, the advance of studies on immune regulation and repair mechanisms of MSC on incident thrombosis in SLE is reviewed.