冻干韧带脱细胞支架材料的生物相容性及优势

Biocompatibility and superiority of lyophilized acellular ligament scaffolds

背景:韧带脱细胞基质是通过各种脱细胞方法将韧带组织内的细胞成分清除,降低免疫原性,同时对纤维支架结构破坏轻微,保留了细胞外基质的机械性能。目的:评价冻干兔髌韧带脱细胞支架的生物相容性及优势。方法:取兔髌韧带,利用1%脱氧胆酸钠行脱细胞处理,制备冻干和未冻干脱细胞韧带支架。结果与结论:冻干韧带脱细胞支架保持了冻干前的胶原结构与力学特征,无细胞残留,其浸提液对细胞生长无抑制作用,无全身急性毒性反应,无热原存在,且原发刺激指数为0分,皮内刺激实验阴性。体内埋植实验显示冻干韧带脱细胞支架表现为免疫原性小,炎症反应轻的特点。说明冻干韧带脱细胞支架具有较好的生物相容性,且制作简单,便于消毒、包装、保存。

BACKGROUND： Acellular matrix ligament removes the cellular components within the ligament tissue and reduce the immunogenicity through a variety of acellular ways. Simultaneously, the damage to scaffold structure is mild in the process of decellularization, and it retains the mechanical properties of the extracellular matrix. OBJECTIVE： To verify the biocompatibility and superiority of rabbit patellar tendon acellular scaffold after frozen and lyophilized processing. METHODS： Patellar ligaments were treated with 1% sodium deoxycholate for preparation of acellular ligaments with or without lyophilization. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION： No residual nuclear component was detected in all ligaments. Collagen structure was maintained. No significant differences in elastic modulus and ultimate tensile stress were found between non-lyophilized acellular scaffolds and lyophilized ones. The in vitro cytotoxicity test showed the cells grew well in all groups with or without extracts from lyophilized acellular scaffold. No significant difference was found between the control group and the experiment group. Toxicity symptoms were not obvious. Pyrogen detection experiment showed that no pyrogen was found in the lyophilized acellular scaffold extracts. Percutaneous stimulation test was negative as primary stimulation index was 0. In vivo implantation experiment showed that lyophilized acellular ligament scaffold showed the characteristics of little immunogenicity and light inflammation. Lyophilized acellular ligament scaffold treated with 1% DCA method not only maintains the mechanical characteristics of the non-lyophilized ones, but also has good biological compatibility. Because of its prepar ation, disinfection, packaging and preservation was easy and convenient, the lyophilized acellular ligament scaffold will be an ideal scaffold for tissue engineering ligament.