一种压水堆负荷跟踪控制方法

A control way of load-following for pressurized water reactor

为有效协调反应堆功率与需求负荷能量间的平衡,提高运行过程的安全性、机动性和经济性,当前普遍采用压水堆负荷跟踪运行模式。由于反应堆系统具有高度复杂、非线性、时变等特点,普通方法很难达到良好控制效果。通过合理简化,基于集总参数方法建立了压水堆负荷跟踪系统模型,并据此模型要求构造了优化目标函数,采用改进的二次寻优混沌算法对现有的负荷跟踪控制系统进行优化设计。仿真结果表明:基于混沌算法的压水堆负荷跟踪优化控制优于一般的Z-N整定法,状态参数变化更平稳,堆功率能更快跟踪期望负荷变化,可满足不同目标的负荷跟踪性能要求。

To coordinate the energy balance between the reactor power and the demanded load, enhance security, flexibility and economy in the process of operation, the load-following is a universal operation mode at present. Because the nuclear reactor is characterized by high complexity, nonlinea- rity and time-variation, the good control effect is not easy to obtain with a common method. Through reasonable simplification, a pressurized water reactor（PWR） system model was established based on lumped parameter. The optimized objective function was set up according to the requirements of the load-following control system of the reactor. The present load-foilowing control system for PWR was optimized by improving chaos optimization algorithm. The simulation results show that load-following control system based on the improved chaos optimization algorithm is better than Z-N method, with steady change in state parameters and that the reactor power can faster follow the change in load as expected so that the control system can satisfy the requirements of load-following function of different objects.