明清与西藏政治互动策略之比较

The Comparison of Tibet with the Ming and Qing Dynasties' Political Interaction's Strategies

明清两代中央政府与西藏地方的政治互动策略既有相通之处,也有相异之点。其相通处多表现为继承性,主要有政治册封、众建分治、薄来厚往、茶马互市等。其相异性多表现为清代基于时势变迁而进行的回应,如清朝在统一西藏的途径、对藏传佛教的尊崇与管理、慎武与用兵、治藏体制调适等方面,多有创新。文章从政治互动的视角,就上述诸方面的问题进行了多层面的比较考察,以期为解决至今犹存的民族问题,提供历史启示与借鉴。

The central government of the Ming and Qing Dynasties with Tibet＇s political interaction＇s strategies are in common,and yet there are differences.The common things are mainly performencing the succession,there are political canonization,public building and seperate treatment,thick to thin,the tea-horse trade and so on.The differences are mainly performencing the response carried out by the Qing Dynasty which based on the trend of times＇ change,such as the way of unifing Tibet,the respect and management for Tibetan Buddhism,Careful use of force and military forces,adjustment of institutional of the administration of Tibet and so on,are more innovative.This article from the perspective of political interaction,executing a comparative study at multi-levels to aspects of the above issues,in order to provide historical inspiration and reference for solving the ethnic issue which still exist today.