乌托邦与政治共同体的维系

Utopia and the Maintaining of Political Community

由于乌托邦主义和反乌托邦主义都是建立在对人的一种预判上,而对人的预判是一种基于不完全归纳的经验性命题。经验性命题随着判断者经验的不同会有所差异。因此,对于"政治共同体是否需要乌托邦"的问题,既无法证实,亦无法证伪。退一步讲,假定政治共同体的维系确实需要乌托邦,那么,我们也要面临如何避免乌托邦的设计者将"己之所欲"强加于人的问题。由于乌托邦的特性决定了将其置于变动或模糊状态的做法,都会导致乌托邦的非乌托邦化困境,所以避免将乌托邦强加于政治共同体成员的惟一之路就是:使乌托邦远离强制性政治权力。

Both of Utopianism and Anti-Utopianism are established on anticipation of human being,which is a kind of empirical proposition based on incomplete generalizations.Empirical proposition will change with the experience of different judges,so,whether political community needs utopia,cannot be proved to be right or wrong.Even if maintaining political community really need utopia,we also have to face the problem how to avoid utopian designers put their own interest upon others.The characteristics of utopia determine that the practice placing it in change or fuzzy state will cause the plight of the non-utopia.In order to avoid imposing utopia on the members of political community,the only choice is to keep utopia from mandatory political power.