语言顺应论之“不可证伪性”辨——兼谈语用研究科学性评价的标准

Differentiating The Unfalsifiability of Linguistic Adaptation Theory:On The Evaluating Criteria of Pragmatic Research Scientificity

本文基于顺应论的语用界定、核心概念、分析视角和方法论等维度,考察了顺应论所面临的"不可证伪性"诘难,发现其"不可证伪性"困境主要表现为4个方面:(1)因果关系复杂阻遏证伪条件有效提取;(2)辅助假说集合并置决定证伪阐释搁浅;(3)隐性概率陈述命题悬置可证伪性论证;(4)限界条件不明剥离证伪的现实性前提。最后,文章不但讨论了"可证伪性"分析对于顺应论反思的启示,而且还讨论了如何从顺应论的"可证伪性"分析反思"证伪"以及"可证伪性"在语用研究科学性评价中的当下境遇。

Via analyzing the definition of pragmatics,key notions,perspective and methodological dimensions observed in Linguistic Adaptation Theory（LAT for short）,the paper attempts to attend to the challenge of unfalsifiability from LAT critics.We find that the unfalsifiability of LAT might be contributed by four aspects accordingly.Namely,complex causality block the valid retrival of fasifying conditions;zeugmatic set of auxiliary assumptions pushes falsifiabilty into a dead-end;implicit probabilistic proposition suspends the possibility of falsifiability;vague intention in delimiting the research boundary stripped off falsifiability with regard to LAT＇s realistic foundation.At last,some implications for both LAT and falsifiability are suggested.