旧瓶新酒话心声——曼殊译雪莱的描写性研究

New Wine in Old Bottles——A Descriptive Study of Translating Shelley by Su Manshu

雪莱诗歌翻译在中国已有百年历史。1911年苏曼殊以五言古体诗形式初译雪莱一首短歌。本文在吉迪奥.图里的描写译学原理和翻译常规框架内,对这一翻译事件进行描写性研究,重建当时制约翻译行为之常规。初始常规层面以目的语文化为主导,基本常规层面文学功利胜诗学,操作常规层面西洋诗化身古体诗;这一现象又和中国当时尚处文化转折前夕、翻译文学在目标语文学中尚未获主要地位、翻译多带功利性以及中国古典诗歌传统仍然居统治地位等因素息息相关。

In 1911 Su Manshu translated a short song of Percy Bysshe Shelley,marking the beginning of one-hundred-year history of translating Shelley in China.The translational norms are reconstructed based on a descriptive study on the translation event,guided by the descriptive studies theory and translation norms raised by Israel scholar Gideon Toury,including the target culture–oriented initial norm,the literary utilitarianism-dominated preliminary norm,and the Chinese classical poetry tradition-governed operational norm,all of which result from the cultural environment of that time where the target culture was on the eve of a dramatic transition,translation literature remained to be a weaker role in the target literature,most translations were affected by utilitarianism and the Chinese classical poetry tradition was still in control.