河北省老年性痴呆患病情况及影响因素分析

Prevalence of Alzheimer's disease and its related factors among elderly people in Hebei province

目的了解河北省城乡社区老年人群老年性痴呆的现况及影响因素。方法采用多级分层整群抽样方法,抽取调查唐山、石家庄、邯郸3个地区共6个市区居委会和7个农村村委会,≥60岁老年人为调查对象,用简易智能状态检查表(MMSE)筛查老年痴呆、日常生活能力量表(ADL)评定老年人日常生活能力,按相关痴呆诊断标准予以诊断老年痴呆及其亚型;采用多因素非条件Logistic回归分析阿尔茨海默病(AD)相关影响因素。结果河北省城乡≥60岁老年人老年期痴呆总患病率为7.24%(263/3632),AD患病率为4.87%(177/3 632),占老年期痴呆的67.3%;高龄、婚姻状况不良、文化程度低、个人收入低、有遗传史为AD患病的危险因素;爱好运动为AD患病的保护因素。结论河北省社区老年人AD的患病率较高,影响因素较多,应采取针对性措施予以干预。

Objective To understand the distribution and epidemiological features of Alzheimer＇s disease（AD） and its related factors in community elderly persons in urban and rural areas of Hebei province. Methods With stratified random sampling method, a survey was conducted among persons aged 60 years or older in 6 urban communities and 7 rural villages in the cities of Tangshan, Shijiazhuang, and Handan. Mini Mental State Examination（MMSE） was used to evaluate senile dementia and Activities of Daily Life Scale（ADL） was used to evaluate ability of daily life of the elderly people. The diagnosis of AD and its subtype were determined based on related criteria. Uncoditional multivariate logistic regression was adopted in risk factor analysis. Results The overall prevalence rate of dementia was 7.24% （263/3 632） and the prevalence of Alzheimer＇ s disease was 4. 87% （ 177/3 632 ）, accounting for 67. 3 % of senile dementia. Age, bad marital status, poor, low education level, low individual and family income, living alone, and with family history of the disease were risk factors of AD. Active physical excercise was a protective factor of AD. Conclusion The elderly in Hebei province had a higher prevalence of AD. Many factors affect the incident of AD and specific interventiion measures should be carnied out.