焦炉工人痰细胞p53基因外显子突变检测

Polymorphism of p53 gene in induced sputum cells among coke oven workers

目的探讨焦炉工人痰细胞p53基因突变与焦炉暴露关系。方法选取某焦化厂125名焦炉作业工人（炉底38人,炉侧45人,炉顶42人）作为暴露组,同时选取同厂37名材料管理工人作为对照组;个体采样法对作业环境进行监测;高渗盐水超声雾化法诱导取痰,分离痰细胞;高效液相色谱法检测环境空气样本B〔a〕P和尿中1-羟基芘的水平;聚合酶链式反应-单链构象多态性方法（PCR-SSCP）检测痰细胞p53基因突变的情况。结果暴露组中炉顶工人组痰细胞p53基因6、7外显子和p53基因5、6、7外显子总突变率分别为14.3%,21.4%,33.3%,明显高于对照组（0%,5.4%,5.4%）,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）,且总突变率有随外暴露水平升高而升高的趋势（χ^2=7.457,P〈0.01）;经多元Logistic回归分析,焦炉暴露、炉顶暴露、炉底暴露和年龄的调整OR值（95%CI）分别为25.278（3.461-184.625）、7.359（1.017-53.267）、22.228（3.146-157.082）、1.106（1.011-1.211）,是焦炉工人痰细胞p53基因突变率升高的主要危险因素。结论焦炉逸散物可诱发焦炉工人的痰细胞p53基因突变率升高,且与暴露水平有关。

Objective To explore the relationship between the mutation of p53 gene in induced sputum cells and the exposure to PAHs among coke oven workers. Methods Totally 125 coke oven workers in a steel factory were selected as exposed group and 37 workers from the warehouse of the same factory without occupational carcinogen exposure were selected as control group. The working environment was monitored with individual sampling method. Sputum was induced and collected with ultrasonic nebulization of hypertonic saline and the sputum cells were separated. Uurine samples were collected from the workers after the night shift. The concentrations of urinary 1-hydroxypyrene（HpU） and benzo（a） pyrene in the air were measured using high performance liquid chromatography（HPLC） and the p53 gene mutation in induced sputum cells was detected by polymerase chain reaction single strand conformation polymorphism analysis （PCR-SSCP）. Results The mutation rate of exon 6,7 （ 14. 3 % ,21.4% ） and the total mutation rate of exon 5,6,7 （33.3 % ） in p53 gene in the exposure groups were significantly higher than those of in the control group（0% ,5.4% ,5.4% ,P 〈0. 05 ）. The muta- tion rates were increased in response to the increased levels of external exposure （X^2 = 7.457, P 〈 0.01 ）. Multiple logistic regression analyses indicated that coke oven exposure, top and bottom coke oven exposure, and age were the major risk fac- tors of induced p53 gene mutation rates in sputum cells with the adjusted odds ratio（OR） values（95% confidence interval） of 25. 278 （ 3.461 - 184. 625 ） ,7. 359 （ 1.017 - 53. 267 ）, 22. 228 （ 3. 146 - 157. 082 ）, and 1. 106 （ 1.011 - 1.211 ）, respectively. Conclusion Coke oven emission increases p53 gene mutation in induced sputum cells among coke oven worker and the increase is related to the exposure level of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons.