多囊卵巢综合征胰岛素抵抗的新进展

The Research Progress in Insulin Resistance in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome

多囊卵巢综合征(PCOS)是青春期及育龄妇女最常见的内分泌和代谢紊乱性疾病,其发病率占育龄妇女的5%～10%。PCOS的基本特征为长期不排卵或稀发排卵、卵巢多囊性增大和高雄激素血症等,此外还表现有胰岛素抵抗(IR)及胰岛β细胞功能失调。PCOS患者妊娠率降低,妊娠期自然流产、妊娠期糖尿病的患病率亦较普通人群高,同时子宫内膜癌发病风险增高。PCOS患者代谢综合征的发病率升高,后者与心血管疾病风险紧密相连,并与IR有密切关系。目前许多学者对PCOS患者的IR做了大量的研究,提示改善PCOS的IR可改善内分泌及生殖功能,而改善生活方式是改善患者IR的有效手段。口服降糖药已成为治疗PCOS的IR的有效方法之一。

With the morbidity of 5%～10% in premenopausal women,polycystic ovary syndrome （PCOS） is an exceptionally commen disorder . Its features are chronic anovulation or few ovulations,polycystic ovaries increase in size and hyperandrogenism. In addition,it is also characterized by insulin resistance （IR） and β-cell dysfunction. The conception rate of patients with PCOS is fallen,and patient＇s prevalence rate of spontaneous abortion during pregnancy and gestational diabetes is higher than the normal persons.Besides,these patients are at higer risk of suffering from endometrial carcinoma .Some result from several recent studies,showed that patient＇s incidence of metabolic syndrome （MS） was increased. Metabolic syndrome has a significant relationship with cardiovascular diseases and IR. At present,many scholars have made extensive researches on the impact of IR and PCOS,pointing out that it is effective to improve PCOS patients＇endocrine condition and their reproduction by ameliorate their insulin resistance. Lifestyle adjustment can be a efficient measure to achieve this aim,besides,oral hypoglycemic agents can also be an effective method to treat the insulin resistance in PCOS.