摘要
通过原位人工模拟降雨试验,运用数理统计方法对描述土壤水分过程和壤中流过程的参数进行了分析,定量研究了降雨强度和表土结皮程度(用0～5mm表土容重表征)对薄层紫色土坡面土壤水分和壤中流的影响。结果表明:(1)土壤水分湿润峰平均运移速率在0.28～1.63mm/s之间,优先流特征明显;(2)降雨强度和表土结皮程度是影响土壤水分过程和壤中流过程的主要因素,降雨强度增加有利于优先流的发生和发展,而表土结皮的形成是阻碍优先流发生和发展的主要原因。
By applying mathematical statistics methods, the parameters of the water-content wave and subsurface flow hydrograph which derived from in-situ simulated rainfall were analyzed, and the effects of rainfall intensity and surface soil bulk density （0-5mm depth） on subsurface flow of a shallow purple soil slope was studied. The results show that the wetting front velocities are in the range from 0.28 to 1.63mm/s with obvious features of preferential flow, which are much higher than the velocities expected from flows that are driven by the combined gradients of gravity and capillarity. Rainfall intensity and surface soil bulk density are major factors affecting the soil water movement and subsurface flow. The increase of rainfall intensity fa- cilitates the occurrence and development of preferential flow, while surface seal is the main reason impedes preferential flow.
出处
《水利学报》
EI
CSCD
北大核心
2011年第8期899-907,共9页
Journal of Hydraulic Engineering
基金
国家自然科学基金(40930529)
国家自然科学基金(40901132)国家重点基础研究发展计划(2007CB407201)
关键词
壤中流
优先流
薄层紫色土
降雨强度
结皮
subsurface flow
preferential flow
shallow purple soil
rainfall intensity
surface seal
