种植密度和施肥量对‘湘杂油763’叶绿素、干物质积累和产量的影响

The Effects of Different Planting Densities and Fertilizer Rates on Chlorophyll,Dry Matter Accumulation and Yield of Oilseed Rape

为探明种植密度和施肥量对油菜生长和产量的影响及其机理,采用田间小区试验,研究了不同种植密度和施肥量对油菜叶绿素、干物质积累量和籽粒产量的影响。结果表明:施肥量因素对油菜叶绿素含量、干物质积累量和产量的影响要大于种植密度因素。N、P2O5、K2O、B的施用量分别为180、90、157.5、0.9kg/hm2、种植密度为7.5万株/hm2的处理籽粒产量最高,为2696.2kg/hm2,与其他处理间的差异达到了显著水平。在相同种植密度条件下,叶绿素a、叶绿素b、总叶绿素含量和干物质积累量在越冬期和盛花期均随施肥量的增加而增加。相同施肥水平条件下,油菜在越冬期和盛花期的干物质积累量均随种植密度的增加而降低,叶绿素的变化不明显。试验中所设处理中,N、P2O5、K2O、B施用量分别为180、90、157.5、0.9kg/hm2、种植密度为7.5万株/hm2的处理为种植密度和施肥量的最佳组合。

A field experiment was conducted to study the effects of different planting density and fertilizer rates on dry matter accumulation,chlorophyll and yield of ＇ Xiangzayou763 ＇.The results showed that Fertilizer factor was more important than planting density in chlorophyll,dry matter accumulation and yield.The highest yield was 2696.2 kg/hm 2 which fertilizer of N,P2O5,K2O,B were 180,90,157.5,0.9 kg/hm2 and planting density was 7.5×104 plants/hm 2.Chlorophyll-a,Chlorophyll-b,total chlorophyll and dry matter accumulation increased with the increase of fertilizer application under the same plant density at both wintering and flowering stage.The dry matter accumulation decreased with the increase of planting density at wintering and flowering stage under the same fertilizer application,while showed less effect on chlorophyll.Therefore,the treatment which fertilizer of N,P2O5,K2O,B were 180,90,157.5,0.9 kg/hm 2 and the planting density was 75×104 plants/hm 2 was the best.