华北推荐施肥制度下不同冬小麦基因型产量及养分效率研究

Yield and Nutrients Use Efficiency of Different Winter Wheat Cultivars Response to Recommended Nutrients Fertilization System in North China Plain

为华北冬小麦主产区选择适宜冬小麦品种,选用山东省5个冬小麦主栽品种,在采用华北冬小麦推荐肥料用量的情况下,研究其产量和养分效率。结果表明,不同基因型小麦产量差异显著,以‘济麦22’产量最高,‘泰农18’和‘山农17’次之;从产量构成因素分析,不同基因型获得高产的依赖因子不同,‘济麦22’和‘山农17’主要依赖于收获群体较大,‘泰农18’则是由于其穗粒数较多;相同养分供应情况下,不同基因型的养分吸收量和利用效率差异较大,‘泰农18’的氮、磷、钾养分吸收量低于其余品种,表明其在获得较高产量的情况下,具有较高的养分生理效率和养分转移效率。从产量和养分效率2个方面分析‘,济麦22’和‘泰农18’在协调高产高效方面具有较大的优势。

Five winter wheat cultivars,main cultivars planted in Shandong Province,were tested in yield and nutrients use efficiency under recommended fertilization system in North China plain.The results showed that significant differences in grain yield were found within 5 cultivars,＇ Jimai22 ＇ got the highest yield,and ＇ Tainong18 ＇ and ＇ Shannong17 ＇ followed it.From yield components analysis,different depended factors were found to get high yield for different wheat cultivars,＇ Jimai22 ＇ and ＇ Shannong17 ＇ depended on high population at harvest to obtain high yield,but ＇ Tainong18 ＇ depended on kernels per panicle.Under the same nutrients application condition,nutrients uptake and nutrients use efficiency were different with different genotype.N,P,K uptake of ＇ Tainong18 ＇ were lower than others cultivars,it indicated that ＇ Tainong18 ＇ got high nutrients physiological efficiency and translocation ratio.Grain yield and nutrients use efficiency were taken into consideration,＇ Jimai22 ＇ and ＇ Tainong18 ＇ were worth to be selected for yield and nutrients efficiency coordination.