住院慢性精神病患者开展物业服务队模式研究

Model of Property Services Team in Hospitalized Patients with Chronic Mental Illness

目的:探讨住院慢性精神病患者开展院内物业服务队的康复模式,寻找恢复期慢性精神病患者职业康复的新途径。方法:101例恢复期慢性精神病患者分为物业组50例和对照组51例,均用精神病药物维持治疗。物业组开展理发、洗衣、商店、保洁及维修等类似物业的岗位训练,采用全开放和半开放管理方法。于入组前、治疗后3、6、12个月末时对2组患者进行阳性和阴性症状量表(PANSS)和住院精神病患者康复疗效评定量表(IPROS)评定。结果:物业组在治疗3个月末时,PANSS中阴性症状及精神病理单因子评分均明显低于对照组;6及12个月末时下降更显著,PANSS总分也出现明显下降(P<0.05,0.01)。IPROS中生活能力及关心和兴趣单因子评分在3个月末、工疗情况及社会能力评分在6个月末时均明显低于对照组(P<0.05,0.01)。上岗后患者出勤率>92%,劳动态度和劳动质量均随时间的推移而提高。结论:院内物业服务队可成为恢复期慢性精神病患者新的职业康复途径,但让其回归社会还需要多渠道合作。

Objective： To investigate the rehabilitation model of hospital property services team in the convalescent inpatients with chronic mental illness,and find new ways to vocational rehabilitation of the inpatients with convalescent chronic mental illness.Methods： 101 convalescent patients with chronic mental illness were divided into the property group（n=50） and control group（nn=51）,and treated with psychiatric drugs for maintenance.The patients in property group had the training of hairdressing,laundry,shopping,cleaning and repair,etc.The effects of one-year rehabilitation were observed by using all open and semi-open management methods.Results： The negative symptoms and psychopathology scores from the positive and negative syndrome scale（PANSS） in property group were significantly lower than in control group at the end of 3rd month after treatment,more significantly at the end of 6th and 12th month.The total PANSS scores were also obviously declined.The life ability and regard and interest scores from Inpatient Psychiatric Rehabilitation Outcome Scale（IPROS） at the end of 3rd month,and the working conditions and social competence scores at the end of 6th month after treatment were significantly lower in property group than in control group.The attendance was 92% in patients after induction,and labor attitudes and labor quality were improved with the time.Conclusion： The hospital property services team may be a new way of vocational rehabilitation in the inpatients with convalescent chronic mental illness.