少数民族地区妇女孕产期保健服务利用状况调查

Investigation of maternal care utilization rate for women in minority areas

目的 了解少数民族地区妇女对孕产期保健服务的利用状况，为进一步改善少数民族地区妇幼保健工作提出政策建议。方法采取分层随机抽样和典型抽样相结合的方法，抽取云南、贵州、青海和西藏4个省（自治区）的6个县445名15-49岁已婚育龄妇女作为调查对象，对其孕产期保健服务的利用情况进行现场调查。结果被调查妇女的平均产前检查率为78．24％，低于2008年全国农村93．7％的平均水平和四类农村81．2％的平均水平；产后访视率仅为30．7％，低于同期54．3％的农村平均水平和58．9％的四类农村平均水平；平均住院分娩率为52．18％，低于2008年87．1％的农村地区和64．3％的四类农村的平均水平。结论少数民族地区孕产期保健服务利用率相对低下。建议有效解决住院分娩的间接费用；加强健康教育，提高孕产妇的健康知识水平和健康意识；建立村医的有效激励机制，夯实三级保健网网底。

Objective To probe into the maternal care utilization by minority purpose of policy recommendations on better maternal care in minority areas. Methods women, for the A combination of stratified random sampling and typical sampling was made on 445 married women of reproductive age in six counties in Yunnan, Guizhou, Qinghai and Tibet provinces, a field survey on their utilization of maternal care services. Results Their average prenatal detection rate is 78.24%, a level lower than the national rural average of 93.7% and grade-4 rural average of 81.2% in 2008; their post partook rate is 30. 7%, lower than the national rural average of 54.3% and grade-4 rural average of 58. 9% in the same period their average coverage rate is 52. 18%, a level lower than the national rural average of 87. 1% and grade-4 rural average of 64.3% in 2008. Conclusion The maternal care utilization is found to be low for women in minority areas. Effective solutions are expected for payment of indirect expenditure of hospital delivery; better health education for enhancing health knowledge and health awareness of minority women; effective incentive mechanism for village doctors, consolidating the base of the threelevel healthcare network.