石油污染物在滨海潜水层中的迁移预测

Prediction of Oil Hydrocarbons Transfer in Sandy Phreatic Aquifer of Coastal Area

以山东滨海某人工填海区的原油储备库为例,选定石油污染组分溶解度为源强浓度,运用单向随流输移和一维扩散模型研究了地下水中石油污染物的运移规律。结果表明:①在单个油罐连续泄漏的情况下,石油污染组分在进入地下水后10 d、1个月、3个月、6个月、1 a、2 a和3 a后的运移距离分别为2.2、4.8、11.2、19.9、36.0、66.7 m和96.6 m;②石油一旦发生泄漏,在可能的条件下可采取包气带土层换填等措施来切断污染源;③在人工填海区,可以通过增加填埋黏土、加强场地碾压等措施人为改变水文地质条件,避免可能的污染。

Oilhydrocarbon contamination on groundwater is an ever growing problem in coastal areas because of the increase of oil business.A crude oil tankage in a coastal city in Shandong Province was taken as an example to study the transfer of oil hydrocarbons in the underlying sandy aquifer.A continuous source strength model determined by the solubility of contaminants was used and one-dimensional analytical transfer model was applied to predict the transfer along the groundwater flow over time under the worst operating conditions.The result shows that the maximum transfer distance downgradient from the contaminant source in 10 days,1 month,3 months,6months,1 year,2 years and 3 years after the leakage is 2.2 m,4.8 m,11.2 m,19.9 m,36.0 m,66.7 m and 96.6 m respectively;once the leakage accident happened,the pollution source could be cut off by replacing the soil in vadose zone if possible;and in reclamation areas,contamination could be prevented by changing the hydrogeological condition artificially,such as filling the ground with more clay and strenghtening rolling.