广西病毒性脑炎高发区流行病学监测

Epidemiological surveillance of viral encephalitis in high endemic areas in Guangxi

目的了解广西病毒性脑炎高发区的发病强度、病原谱和流行病学特征,为病毒性脑炎的临床诊疗和预防控制提供依据。方法选择病毒性脑炎高发区贵港市为项目监测点,建立涵盖两市一县由12所县级以上医院组成的急性脑炎和脑膜炎的监测网络,按照疾病筛检标准选择并评估疑似病例,进行流行病学调查和采样,对标本开展常见病毒性脑炎的IgM ELISA检测,将数据录入专用数据库并应用Epi info2002进行统计分析。结果项目监测点贵港市2007年5月~2008年4月实验室确诊的病毒性脑炎年平均发病率为6.42/10万,乙脑病毒、肠道病毒、腮腺炎病毒为主要致病原,流行高峰均为夏秋季,10岁以下散居儿童和学生为高发人群。结论在广西病毒性脑炎高发区的夏秋季,乙脑病毒、肠道病毒和腮腺炎病毒为病毒性脑炎的主要病原,10岁以下散居儿童和学生为高发人群。

Objective To understand the incidence,list of panthogens and epidemiological features of viral encephalitis in endemic area of Guangxi.Methods A acute encephalitis and cephalomeningitis surveillance system was set up consisting 12 hospitals in two cities and a county in viral encephalitis endemic areas for epidemiological activities including selection of samples and assessment of suspected cases.The IgM antibody encephalitis virus in samples was detected with ELISA.The data were statistically analyzed.Results During the surveillance period from May 2007 to April 2008,the incidence rate of virus encephalitis confirmed was 6.42/100 000.Japanese encephalitis virus,Enteroviruses and mumps viruses were the leading pathogens.The epidemic peak was observed in summer and autumn,most of cases were children and pupil under 10 years old.Conclusion The viral encephalitis is prevalent in summer and autumn in the endemic areas,jalanese encep;halitis virus,enteroviruses and mumps virus are the main pathogens and pupil under 10 years old were the high risk population.