汽车尾气污染对交通警察健康的影响

Impact of automotive exhaust on the health of traffic policemen

目的了解济宁市交警工作场所环境污染状况及环境污染对其健康的影响。方法在济宁市区选取5个有代表性的交通路口交警执勤点,监测其PM10、SO2、NOX、CO、Pb五个污染指标,并选取在五个执勤点上工作的120名交警和作为对照组的98名大专院校学生,按统一表格进行一般健康状况调查,统计分析污染对交警健康状况的影响。结果在交通路口执勤点所检测的5个污染指标有不同程度超标,结果远高于对照点,PM10最高达5.62mg/m3,为对照组平均值的15.8倍,SO2最高达2.63mg/m3,为对照组平均值的41.8倍,NOX最高达1.77mg/m3,为对照组平均值的16.7倍,CO最高达11.8mg/m3,为对照组平均值的6.6倍,Pb最高达1.62μg/m3,为对照组平均值的4.5倍;交警的患病情况显著高于对照组(χ2=5,P<0.05)。结论交通警察工作场所环境污染较为严重,健康状况受到影响,应采取积极有效的防治措施。

Objective To survey of impact of environmental pollution on health of traffic policemen.Methods Five representative traffic posts in Jining City,Shandong Province were selected and concentrations of PM10,SO2,NOX,CO and Pb in 120 traffic policemen working in the posts and 98 students in a college were monitored.Meanwhile a questionnaire survey of the health conditions of the traffic policemen and college students was made.Results The concentrations of PM10,SO2,NOX,CO and Pb in 5 representative traffic posts significantly exceeded the standards and higher than the control sites（P 0.05）.The health conditions of traffic policemen were significantly worse than the controls.The average concentration of PM10 was as high as 5.62mg/m3,15.8 times higher than that of the controls;that of SO2 was 2.63mg/m3,41.8 times higher than that of the controls;the concentrations of NOX,CO and Pb at the traffic posts were also higher than that of the controls varied from 45 times to 16.7 times.The prevalence of illness of traffic policemen was also significantly higher compared to the college students（P0.05）.Conclusion The environmental pollution of the traffic posts was heavy and effective measures be taken to protect the health of the traffic policemen.