聚集抑或扩散——城市规模影响城乡收入差距的理论机制及实证分析

AGGREGATION OR DIFFUSION:THEORETICAL AND EMPIRICAL ANALYSIS ON URBAN SIZE AND URBAN-RURAL INCOME GAP

区域中心城市的规模变动引起聚集效应和扩散效应强度的变化,进而影响区域内城镇、农村居民收入水平及城乡收入差距。利用286个地级以上城市2008年的截面数据和2003—2008年面板数据的实证分析显示:总体上中心城市规模越大,区域城乡收入差距越小,城乡收入差距随城市规模变动呈现出U型特征;中心城市的分散型结构有利于缩小区域城乡收入差距,城市经济发展水平越高,城乡收入差距越小;不同规模等级的城市规模对城乡收入差距的影响效应存在较大差异。这些结论对于推动城市可持续发展、统筹城乡发展具有启示意义。

Urban size would influence the urban-rural income gap through aggregation effect and diffusion effect.Based on empirical analysis of cross-section data and panel data,this paper showed that the enlargement of urban size would reduce urban-rural income gap.With the expansion of urban size,urban-rural income gap formed a U-shaped curve.Dispersed structure and high economic development level of cities could reduce urban-rural income gap.The impact of urban size on urban-rural income gap was significant on different scales.This paper also provided some suggestions of city development.