广州市番禺区土地利用/覆被动态及其驱动力研究

Spatiotemporal dynamics and driving forces of land use/cover in Panyu District of Guangzhou City

以快速城市化地区广州市番禺区为研究对象,通过解译4期Landsat TM影像得到研究区土地利用/覆被数据,分析研究区土地利用/覆被的数量、类型及时空演化特征。研究结果表明:(1)1990-2008年间,研究区城镇用地从8577 hm^2扩大到24244 hm^2,扩大了182.6%,农业用地从41014 hm^2减少到22868 hm^2,减少了44.2%,水域从11620 hm^2增加到16253 hm^2,增加了39.8%。大量农业用地和低密度植被向城镇用地流转。(2)研究区1990～2000年土地利用变化强度较小,综合土地利用动态度为2.203;2000～2005年和2005～2008年时段土地利用变化强度大,综合土地利用动态度分别为4.315和5.380。(3)土地利用变化与城市化率和GDP增长密切相关。城镇建设用地随城市化进程逐渐上升,农业用地随城市化进程加快急速减少,植被与城市化率和GDP变化呈先下降后上升的趋势。以上分析表明城市化进程的加快是研究区土地利用变化的主要驱动因素,政策因素以及经济利益也是研究区土地利用变化的重要驱动因素。

Land use / cover change （LUCC） is one of key issues of global change research. With the acceleration of urbanization, the study of LUCC spatiotemporal dynamics in rapid urbanization area has gained more attention. In this study, four sets of Landsat TM images （1990/2000/2005/2008） were processed to identify LUCC spatiotemporal dynamics in Panyu District. The results showed that the area of built-up land and water were increased by 182.6 percent （from 8577 ha to 24244 ha） and 39.8 percent （from 11620 ha to 16253 ha） respectively, but the area of cropland was decreased by 44.2 percent （from 41014 ha to 22868 ha） from 1990 to 2008. Additionally, the land use transition matrix showed that a great amount of cropland and vegetation was transformed to build.itp land during the periods. The integrated dynamic indexes were conducted to evaluate the intensity of land use change in different periods, and the results showed that land use dynamics was more acute from 2000 to 2008 than before. Furthermore, correlation analysis of land use change and urbanization process was carried out. There was a remarkably negative correlation between the area of cropland and urbanization process, and a positive correlation between the area of urban built-up and urbanization process. Vegetation was decreased first and then increased during the urbanization process. The results demonstrated that urbanization process was the main driving force of land use change, and that policy and economic benefits were important factors for land use change.