血管回声跟踪技术诊断动脉粥样硬化价值的研究

Diagnostic value of echo-tracking technology on early atherosclerosis in rabbits

目的:探讨血管回声跟踪技术诊断动脉粥样硬化的价值。方法:24只新西兰兔随机平均分成正常对照组和高脂喂养组,喂养12周后,采用超声血管回声跟踪技术检测兔腹主动脉血管结构及弹性,各参数测值与对照组进行比较;并于实验最后阶段检测兔血脂水平和观察兔腹主动脉粥样硬化情况。结果:高脂饮食组血清甘油三酯(TG)、总胆固醇(TC)、低密度脂蛋白-胆固醇(LDL-C)高于正常对照组,血清高密度脂蛋白-胆固醇(HDL-C)低于对照组。高脂饮食组中,60%兔主动脉壁可见大量黄色脂样斑块,压力应变弹性系数(Eρ)、僵硬度(β)值较对照组明显增高[(201.65±25.60)vs(95.72±14.46),P=0.000;(19.40±3.82)vs(9.50±1.59),P=0.000];脉搏波速度(PWV-β)较对照组明显增高[(9.96±1.23)vs(9.50±1.59),P=0.000],顺应性(AC)较对照组明显减低[(0.05±0.01)vs(0.08±0.02),P=0.004]。此外,在高脂饮食组中,腹主动脉的内中膜厚度与Eρ、β、PWV-β这3个血管弹性指标有明显的相关性(P<0.05)。结论:超声血管跟踪技术评价动脉弹性方面稳定、敏感,不仅可以评估动脉弹性,而且可以检测疾病进展。

Objective： To evaluate the effect of echo tracking on the diagnosis of atherosclerosis.Methods： Twenty New Zealand rabbits were fed high cholesterol diet.The parameter of elasticity of abdorminal aorta were measured with echotracking technology,such as stiffness parameters（β）,pressure-strain elastic modulus（Eρ）,arterial compliance（AC）,pulse wave velocity（PWV-β）,augmentation index（AI） at the 12 weekend of the experiment,and twenty New Zealand rabbits were fed with normal diet as the controls.After examination,all rabbits were randomly killed and the corresponding sites of artery were gotten for histological examination.Intima thickness（IMT） were measured under the microscope.Results： The plasma TG,TC,LDL-C level of experimental group rabbits were much higher than those in the control group,while the plasma HDL-C level was much lower than that in the control group.In the experiment group,arteriosclerosis plaque were detected in 60 percents of rabbit abdominal aorta,and the Eρ,β and PWV-β level were much higher than those in the control group [（201.65±25.60）vs（95.72±14.46）,P=0.000;（19.40±3.82）vs（9.50±1.59）,P=0.000;（9.96±1.23）vs（9.50±1.59）,P=0.000],but the AC level were much lower than the controls[（0.05±0.01）vs（0.08±0.02）,P=0.004].Moreover,the Eρ,β and PWV-β all were significantly correlated with the IMT,respectively.Conclusion： Echotracking technology provides an accurate and reliable method in detecting early atherosclerosis and monitoring the progression.