3Baumgaertner MR, Curtin SL, Lindskog DM, et al. The value of the tip-apex dis- tance in predicting failure of fixation of per- itrochanteric fractures of the hip. J Bone Joint Surg(Am) ,1995,77:1058-1064.
5Simmermacher RK, Ljungqvist J, Bail H, et al. The new proximal femoral nail antirotation (PFNA) in daily practice: results of a multicentre clinical study. Injury, 2008, 39: 932-939.
6Cummings SR, Rubin SM, Black D. The futher of hip fracture in the United States. Numbers, cost, and potential effects of postmenopausal estrogen. Clin Orthop Relat Res, 1990, (252): 163-166.
8Watanabe M, Toyama Y, Fujimura Y. Atlantoaxial instability in oa odontoideum with myelopathy. Spine, 1996, 12: 1435-1439.
9Haidukewyeh GJ, Israel TA, Bemy DJ. Reverse obliquity fractures of the intertrochanteric region of the femur. J Bone Joint Surg(Am), 2001, 83: 643-664.
10Rao JP, Banzon MT, Weiss AB. Treatment of unstable troehantoric fracture with anatomic reduction and compression hip screw fixation. Clin Orthop Relat Res, 1983, (175): 65-71.
3Suner S, Erden E, Irfen Z, et al.Radiographic and functional results of osteosynthesisu sing the proximal femoral nail antirotation(PFNA)in the treatment of unstable intertrochanteric femoral fractures[J].Acta Orthop Traumatol Turc,2010,44 (2):127-134.
4Lenich A,Vester H,Nerlich M,et al.Clinical comparison of the second and third generation of intramedullary devices for trochanteric frac-tures of the hip-blade vs screw[J].Injury,2010,41:1292-1296.
5Leibson CL,Tosteson AN, Gabriel SE, et al. Mortality, disability, and nursing home use for persons with and without hip fracture:a popula- tion-based study[ J]. J Am Geriatr Soc,2002,50(10) :1644-1650.
6Gotfried Y. Percutaneous compression plating of intertrochanteric hip fractures[J]. J Orthop Trauma,2000,14(7 ) :490-495.
7Makridis KG, Georgaklis V, Georgoussis M, et al. Comparing two intr- ameduUary devices for treating trochanteric fractures: a prospective study[ J]. J Orthop Surg Res,2010,5:9.
8Hesse B ,Gachter A. Complications following the treatment of trochan- teric fractures with the gamma nail [J]. Arch Orthop Trauma Surg, 2004,124 (10) :692-698.
9Kouvidis GK, Sommers MB, Giannoudis PV, et al. Comparison of mi- gration behavior between single and dual lag screw implants for inter- trochanteric fracture fixation [ J ]. J Orthop Surg Res,2009,4:16.
10Takigami I, Matsumoto K, Ohara A, et al. Treatment of trochanteric fractures with the PFNA ( proximal femoral nail antirotation) nail system-report of early results [ J ]. Bull NYU Hosp Jt Dis,2008,66 (4) : 276-279.