腐秆剂在稻草还田中的应用研究探讨

Application of Straw Decayed Bacterium in Returning Rice-straw to Paddy-field

试验采用翻耕稻草还田与免耕稻草覆盖还田两种耕作方式,研究了施用不同稻草腐秆剂对晚稻生长发育、水稻产量及改土培肥的效果。结果表明,无论是翻耕稻草还田还是免耕稻草覆盖还田,与对照比较,晚稻生育期都略有推迟,但晚稻穗部经济性状得到明显改善,水稻产量呈显著增产的趋势,与对照相比的增产效果均达到极显著水平;比稻草还田平均增产达到2.43%～8.21%。同时,在两种不同土壤耕作方式条件下,施用稻草腐秆剂均有利于促进地力的提升,在翻耕稻草还田方式下,与稻草还田处理(CK2)比较,有机质平均增加0.47 g/kg,全氮平均增加0.02 g/kg,碱解氮平均增加0.67 mg/kg,速效钾平均增加4.67 mg/kg;在免耕稻草覆盖还田方式下,与稻草还田(CK2)比较,土壤有机质平均增加0.27 g/kg,全氮平均增加0.03 g/kg,碱解氮平均增加7.67mg/kg,速效钾平均增加2.0 mg/kg。

The effects of applying different straw decayed bacteria on growth and yield of late rice and improvement of soil fertility were studies by using two different methods of returning rice straw to paddy-filed, which are turning over the straw and no-tillage. The results showed that in comparison with control, the growing period of later rice was delayed with both methods, but the economical characters of later rice were improved, and the yield of later rice was increased with extremely significant level. In comparison with no-tillage, the yield increasing rate of turning over the straw reached 2.43-8.21%. Meanwhile, applying straw decayed bacterium can promote the improvement of soil fertility with both methods of returning rice straw to paddy-filed; in comparison with CK2, the contents of organic matter, total nitrogen, alkali-hydro nitrogen and available potassium in soil 0.47 g/kg, 0.02 g/kg, 0.67 mg/kg and 4.67 mg/kg with turning over the straw method and average increased by 0.27 g/kg, 0.03 g/kg, 7.67 mg/kg and 2.0 mg/kg with non-tillage method, respectively.