2006～2010年哈尔滨医科大学附属第一医院死亡儿童病例分析

Analysis of Children Dead Cases in the First Clinical College of Harbin Medical University from 2006 to 2010

目的:总结并探讨2006～2010年哈尔滨医科大学附属第一医院儿童(<16岁)的死亡原因变化情况和死亡相关因素的特点。方法:对2006～2010年哈尔滨医科大学附属第一医院死亡的193例患儿资料进行回顾,运用统计学方法进行Ridit分析,u检验,c2检验。结果:将0～16岁患儿根据年龄分为5组,对不同年龄段死亡患儿的性别采用Ridit分析,经u检验,提示死亡患儿不同年龄段的性别构成差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。将2006～2010年死亡患儿按病因分为感染因素、非感染因素与未明诊断3组,经c2检验,提示不同年龄组的疾病病因差异无显著性意义(P>0.05)。结论:近5年来,哈尔滨医科大学附属第一医院死亡儿童疾病构成及死亡原因发生了较为明显的变化。感染性疾病发生相对减少,非感染性疾病发生呈明显上升趋势。我院小儿死亡病因前3位分别是先天性心脏病、意外伤害、呼吸系统感染。7岁～16岁学龄儿童病死率较高,以非感染性因素为主。意外伤害造成的死亡相对集中于7岁～16岁学龄儿童,且高发于农村。

Objective：To summarize and discuss character of change of causes and relevant factors of dead critical children（ 16-year-old） in the First Clinical College of Harbin Medical University for recent 5 years.Methods：To review cases of 193 dead children in the First Clinical College of Harbin Medical University from Jan 2006 to Dec 2010.Their data was summarized and analyzed by statistical methods such as Ridit analysis,u-test,and x2 test.Results：All dead children were divided into five groups.The analysis of gender of dead children of different age stages by Ridit analysis and u-test,P0.05 showed that composition of gender of different age stages doesn’t have significant difference.All dead children from 2006 to 2010 were divided into 3 groups：infectious factors,noninfectious factors,and undiagnosed,by x2 test,P0.05,which indicated that pathogenies of dead children of different age groups don ’t have significant difference.Conclusion：The composition of disease and causes of death in the First Clinical College of Harbin Medical University have changed prominently in recent 5 years.Infectious diseases happen less,and the ratio of nonnfectious diseases has increased relatively.The top three causes of hospital deaths in children are congenital heart diseases,injuries,respiratory infections.Mortalities of children from 7-year-old to 16-year-old are relatively higher,and pathogenies is m-ostly in fectious factor.Death caused by sudden trauma should be mostly in age group from 7-year-old to 16-year-old,and dominantly in village.