住院患者医院感染27129例调查

Nosocomlal infections： an investigation of 27 129 inpatients

目的分析医院感染发生的特点及危险因素，提出有效的干预措施，为控制医院感染提供科学的理论依据。方法对27129例医院感染监测资料进行回顾性分析。结果27129例住院患者发生医院内感染922例，感染率为3．40％，感染例次为965例次，感染发生率为3．56％，最常见发生部位是下呼吸道483例（50．05％）、革兰阴性杆菌例次感染率3．56％；发生部位以197／470株（41．91％）；〉60岁医院内感染727例（75．34％）；器官移植病房57／390例（14．62％）；危险因素：侵入性操作164例，占16．99％，使用激素、放化疗、血液病等机体免疫下降108例，占11．19％。结论提高医院感染病原菌送检率，加强感染病原菌的分析及耐药动态监测，减少侵入性操作及实行前瞻性医院感染重点监测是预防医院感染的关键。

Objective To explore the effective measures to prevent and control the hospital infections. Methods The hospital infections＇data of 27 129 inpatients were retrospectively studied and retrospectively analyzed. Results The nosocomial infection rate was 3.40%. The major sites of the infection were lower respiratory tract （50. 05% ）. The most common pathogens were mainly Gram-negative bacteria（ 41.91% ）. The infection mainly occurs in old peple（75.34% ）. The highest infection rate is in organ transplantation unit（ 14.62% ）. The factors of high risk included antibiotics（53.47% ）, immunoeompromise and invasive therapies. Conclusion To improve the pathogen detective rate and the monitoring of antibiotic resistance , to decrease the use of invasive therapies and to keep high - risk areas under surveiUanee were the effective measures to control hospital infection and to reduce the incidence rate of hospital infection.