关于土地集体所有权主体之质疑和重构

On land collective ownership main body's question and reconstruction

《物权法》关于集体土地所有权主体的设计虽然贯彻了公有制,但是纯粹从物权法理论角度看,这种设计是对《物权法》概念和权利体系的挑战,破坏了该法应有的严谨性和科学性,更没有解决实践中存在的集体成员权利虚化等问题。应当结合100多年来民事财产权利发展的结果,突破对所有制的狭隘历史理解,赋予集体组织对集体土地的所有权,将集体成员的权利定性为成员权,并完善关于成员权的立法,这在物权法理论上是可行的,也能解决集体成员权利虚化等问题。

The design of the collective land ownership in property law implements the public ownership.However,this design is challenging the concept and right system of this law.The preciseness and scientificity of this law are breached.Even the problem of weakening the owners＇ rights has not been solved.The solution of this problem should use the reference of the civil property right evolution process over the past one hundred more years and break the narrow historical understanding of public ownership.Meanwhile the land ownership should be given to the collective organization and the collective members＇ rights should be identified as the member rights.Also,the legislation of these rights should be finished.This is feasible in the theories of property law and able to solve the problems like weakening the owners＇ rights or others.